Found problems: 85335
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with circumcircle $\Gamma$ and let $D$ be the midpoint of minor arc $BC$. Let $E, F$ be on $\Gamma$ such that $DE \bot AC$ and $DF \bot AB$. Lines $BE$ and $DF$ meet at $G$, and lines $CF$ and $DE$ meet at $H$. Given that $AB = 8, AC = 10$, and $\angle BAC = 60^\circ$, find the area of $BCHG$.
[i] Note: this is a modified version of Premier #2 [/i]
Let $A$ be a fixed point on a circle $k$. Let $B$ be any point on $k$ and $M$ be a point such that $AM:AB=m$ and $\angle BAM=\alpha$, where $m$ and $\alpha$ are given. Find the locus of point $M$ when $B$ describes the circle $k$.
a) Prove that, whatever the real number x would be, the following inequality takes place
${{x}^{4}}-{{x}^{3}}-x+1\ge 0.$
b) Solve the following system in the set of real numbers:
${{x}_{1}}+{{x}_{2}}+{{x}_{3}}=3,x_{1}^{3}+x_{2}^{3}+x_{3}^{3}=x_{1}^{4}+x_{2}^{4}+x_{3}^{4}$.
The Mathematical Gazette
(a) Can it happen that in a group of $10$ girls and $9$ boys, ball the girls know a different number of boys while all the boys know the same number of girls?
(b) What if there are $11$ girls and $10$ boys?
(NB Vassiliev)
Two small, equal masses are attached by a lightweight rod. This object orbits a planet; the length of the rod is smaller than the radius of the orbit, but not negligible. The rod rotates about its axis in such a way that it remains vertical with respect to the planet. Is there a force in the rod? If so, tension or compression? Is the equlibrium stable, unstable, or neutral wrt small perturbations in the vertical angle of the rod?
(A) There is no force in the rod; the equilibrium is neutral.
(B) The rod is in tension; the equilibrium is stable.
(C) The rod is in compression; the equilibrium is stable.
(D) The rod is in tension; the equilibrium is unstable.
(E) The rod is in compression; the equilibrium is unstable.
There is a triangle $ABC$. Its circumcircle and its circumcentre are given. Show how the orthocentre of $ABC$ may be constructed using only a straightedge (unmarked ruler). [The straightedge and paper may be assumed large enough for the construction to be completed]
If $-3 \le x < \frac{3}{2}$ and $x \ne 1$, define $C(x) = \frac{x^3}{1 - x}$. The real root of the cubic $2x^3 + 3x - 7$ is of the form $p C^{-1}(q)$, where $p$ and $q$ are rational numbers. What is the ordered pair $(p, q)$?
Points $I_A, I_B, I_C$ are the centers of the excircles of $ABC$ related to sides $BC, AC$ and $AB$ respectively. Perpendicular from $I_A$ to $AC$ intersects the perpendicular from $I_B$ to $B_C$ at point $X_C$. The points $X_A$ and $X_B$. Prove that the lines $I_AX_A, I_BX_B$ and $I_CX_C$ intersect at the same point.
Let be two natural numbers $ m,n\ge 2, $ two increasing finite sequences of real numbers $ \left( a_i \right)_{1\le i\le n} ,\left( b_j \right)_{1\le j\le m} , $ and the set
$$ \left\{ a_i+b_j| 1\le i\le n,1\le j\le m \right\} . $$
Show that the set above has $ n+m-1 $ elements if and only if the two sequences above are arithmetic progressions and these have the same ratio.
Let $\overline{AH_1}, \overline{BH_2}$, and $\overline{CH_3}$ be the altitudes of an acute scalene triangle $ABC$. The incircle of triangle $ABC$ is tangent to $\overline{BC}, \overline{CA},$ and $\overline{AB}$ at $T_1, T_2,$ and $T_3$, respectively. For $k = 1, 2, 3$, let $P_i$ be the point on line $H_iH_{i+1}$ (where $H_4 = H_1$) such that $H_iT_iP_i$ is an acute isosceles triangle with $H_iT_i = H_iP_i$. Prove that the circumcircles of triangles $T_1P_1T_2$, $T_2P_2T_3$, $T_3P_3T_1$ pass through a common point.
The radius of Earth at the equator is approximately 4000 miles. Suppose a jet flies once around Earth at a speed of 500 miles per hour relative to Earth. If the flight path is a neglibile height above the equator, then, among the following choices, the best estimate of the number of hours of flight is:
$\textbf{(A)}\ 25 \qquad
\textbf{(B)}\ 8 \qquad
\textbf{(C)}\ 75 \qquad
\textbf{(D)}\ 50 \qquad
\textbf{(E)}\ 100$
Determine all pairs of natural numbers $ (x, y)$ for which it holds that $$x^2 = 4y + 3gcd (x, y).$$
Given the following list of numbers:
$$1990, 1991, 1992, ..., 2002, 2003, 2003, 2003, ..., 2003$$
where the number $2003$ appears $12$ times. Is it possible to write these numbers in some order so that the $100$-digit number that we get is prime?
Let $n \geq 5$ be a positive integer and let $A$ and $B$ be sets of integers satisfying the following conditions:
i) $|A| = n$, $|B| = m$ and $A$ is a subset of $B$
ii) For any distinct $x,y \in B$, $x+y \in B$ iff $x,y \in A$
Determine the minimum value of $m$.
Let $ABCD$ be a quadrilateral inscribed in circle $\omega$. Define $E = AA \cap CD$, $F = AA \cap BC$, $G = BE \cap \omega$, $H = BE \cap AD$, $I = DF \cap \omega$, and $J = DF \cap AB$. Prove that $GI$, $HJ$, and the $B$-symmedian are concurrent.
[i]Proposed by Robin Park[/i]
Let $r$ be a real such that $0<r\leq 1$. Denote by $V(r)$ the volume of the solid formed by all points of $(x,\ y,\ z)$ satisfying
\[x^2+y^2+z^2\leq 1,\ x^2+y^2\leq r^2\]
in $xyz$-space.
(1) Find $V(r)$.
(2) Find $\lim_{r\rightarrow 1-0} \frac{V(1)-V(r)}{(1-r)^{\frac 32}}.$
(3) Find $\lim_{r\rightarrow +0} \frac{V(r)}{r^2}.$
There are $3$ clubs $A,B,C$ with non-empty members. For any triplet of members $(a, b, c)$ with $a \in A, b \in B, c \in C$, two of them are friend and two of them are not friend (here the friend relationship is bidirectional). Prove that one of
these statements must be true
1. There exist one student from $A$ that knows all students from $B$
2. There exist one student from $B$ that knows all students from $C$
3. There exist one student from $C$ that knows all students from $A$
Can four equal polygons be placed on the plane in such a way that any two of them don't have common interior points, but have a common boundary segment?
(S.Markelov)
Finland is going to change the monetary system again and replace the Euro by the Finnish Mark.
The Mark is divided into $100$ pennies.
There shall be coins of three denominations only, and the number of coins a person has to carry in order to be able
to pay for any purchase less than one mark should be minimal.
Determine the coin denominations.
A number is chosen at random from among the first $100$ positive integers, and a positive integer divisor of that number is then chosen at random. What is the probability that the chosen divisor is divisible by $11$?
$\textbf{(A)}~\frac{4}{100}\qquad\textbf{(B)}~\frac{9}{200} \qquad \textbf{(C)}~\frac{1}{20} \qquad\textbf{(D)}~\frac{11}{200}\qquad\textbf{(E)}~\frac{3}{50}$
There are $K$ boys placed around a circle. Each of them has an even number of sweets. At a command each boy gives half of his sweets to the boy on his right. If, after that, any boy has an odd number of sweets, someone outside the circle gives him one more sweet to make the number even. This procedure can be repeated indefinitely. Prove that there will be a time at which all boys will have the same number of sweets.
(A Andjans, Riga)
There are two values of $ a$ for which the equation $ 4x^2 \plus{} ax \plus{} 8x \plus{} 9 \equal{} 0$ has only one solution for $ x$. What is the sum of these values of $ a$?
$ \textbf{(A)}\ \minus{}16\qquad
\textbf{(B)}\ \minus{}8\qquad
\textbf{(C)}\ 0\qquad
\textbf{(D)}\ 8\qquad
\textbf{(E)}\ 20$
Let $ f(x)$ be a $ n \minus{}$degree polynomial all of whose coefficients are equal to $ \pm 1$, and having $ x \equal{} 1$ as its $ m$ multiple root. If $ m\ge 2^k (k\ge 2,k\in N)$, then $ n\ge 2^{k \plus{} 1} \minus{} 1.$
Prove that there is no non-constant polynomial $P(x)$ with integer coefficients such that $P(n)$ is a prime number for all positive integers $n$.
Let $ABCD$ be a unit square. Points $M$ and $N$ are the midpoints of sides $AB$ and $BC$ respectively. Let $P$ and $Q$ be the midpoints of line segments $AM$ and $BN$ respectively. Find the reciprocal of the area of the triangle enclosed by the three line segments $PQ$, $MN$, and $DB$.
[asy]
size(5 cm);
pair A=(0,0); pair B=(1,0); pair C=(1,1); pair D=(0,1); pair M=(0.5,0); pair N=(1,0.5); pair P=(0.25,0); pair Q=(1,0.25);
draw(A--B--C--D--cycle);
draw(M--N); draw(P--Q); draw(B--D);
label("$A$",A,SW); label("$B$",B,SE); label("$C$",C,NE); label("$D$",D,NW); label("$M$",M,S); label("$N$",N,E); label("$P$",P,S); label("$Q$",Q,E);
fill((0.8125,0.1875)--(0.75,0.25)--(0.625,0.125)--cycle, gray);[/asy]
[i]2021 CCA Math Bonanza Team Round #4[/i]