A super ball rolling on the floor enters a half circular track (radius $R$). The ball rolls without slipping around the track and leaves (velocity $v$) traveling horizontally in the opposite direction. Afterwards, it bounces on the floor. How far (horizontally) from the end of the track will the ball bounce for the second time? The ball’s surface has a theoretically infinite coefficient of static friction. It is a perfect sphere of uniform density. All collisions with the ground are perfectly elastic and theoretically instantaneous. Variations could involve the initial velocity being given before the ball enters the track or state that the normal force between the ball and the track right before leaving is zero (centripetal acceleration). [i]Problem proposed by Brian Yue[/i]

Consider the pentagon below. Find its area. [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/7/b/02ad3852b72682513cf62a170ed4aa45c23785.png[/img]

For points $ A_1, \ldots ,A_5$ on the sphere of radius 1, what is the maximum value that $ min_{1 \leq i,j \leq 5} A_iA_j$ can take? Determine all configurations for which this maximum is attained. (Or: determine the diameter of any set $ \{A_1, \ldots ,A_5\}$ for which this maximum is attained.)

Let $a,b,c$ be the sides of a triangle, let $m_a,m_b,m_c$ be the corresponding medians, and let $D$ be the diameter of the circumcircle of the triangle. Prove that $\frac{a^2+b^2}{m_c}+\frac{a^2+c^2}{m_b}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{m_a} \leq 6D$.

Two quadrilaterals are considered the same if one can be obtained from the other by a rotation and a translation. How many different convex cyclic quadrilaterals are there with integer sides and perimeter equal to $ 32$? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 560 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 564 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 568 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 1498 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 2255$

Two circles $ C_1,C_2$ with different radii are given in the plane, they touch each other externally at $ T$. Consider any points $ A\in C_1$ and $ B\in C_2$, both different from $ T$, such that $ \angle ATB \equal{} 90^{\circ}$. (a) Show that all such lines $ AB$ are concurrent. (b) Find the locus of midpoints of all such segments $ AB$.

The figure $ABCD$ is bounded by a semicircle $CDA$ and a quarter circle $ABC$. Given that the distance from $A$ to $C$ is $18$, find the area of the figure. [asy] size(200); defaultpen(linewidth(0.8)); pair A=(-9,0),B=(0,9*sqrt(2)-9),C=(9,0),D=(0,9); dot(A^^B^^C^^D); draw(arc(origin,9,0,180)^^arc((0,-9),9*sqrt(2),45,135)); label("$A$",A,S); label("$B$",B,N); label("$C$",C,S); label("$D$",D,N); [/asy]

Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle and $H$ is orthocenter. Let $D$ be the intersection of $BH$ and $AC$ and $E$ be the intersection of $CH$ and $AB$. The circumcircle of $ADE$ cuts the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $F \neq A$. Prove that the angle bisectors of $\angle BFC$ and $\angle BHC$ concur at a point on $BC.$

As shown in the figure, $BQ$ is a diameter of the circumcircle of $ABC$, and $D$ is the midpoint of arc $BC$ (excluding point $A$) . The bisector of the exterior angle of $\angle BAC$ intersects and the extension of $BC$ at point $E$. The ray $EQ$ intersects $\odot (ABC)$ at point $P$. Point $S$ lies on $PQ$ so that $SA = SP$. Point $T$ lies on $BC$ such that $TB = TD$. Prove that $TS \perp SE$. [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/c/4/01460565e70b32b29cddb65d92e041bea40b25.png[/img]

Cut a square with three straight lines into three triangles and four quadrilaterals.

Convex $n$-gon $P$, where $n> 3$, is cut into equal triangles by diagonals that do not intersect inside it. What are the possible values of $n$ if the $n$-gon is cyclic?

In triangle $ABC$ with $AB = 7$, $AC = 8$, and $BC = 9$, the $A$-excircle is tangent to $BC$ at point $D$ and also tangent to lines $AB$ and $AC$ at points $ $ and $F$, respectively. Find $[DEF]$. (The $A$-excircle is the circle tangent to segment $BC$ and the extensions of rays $AB$ and $AC$. Also, $[XY Z]$ denotes the area of triangle $XY Z$.)

Let be given points $A,B,C$ on a line, with $C$ between $A$ and $B$. Three semicircles with diameters $AC,BC,AB$ are drawn on the same side of line $ABC$. The perpendicular to $AB$ at $C$ meets the circle with diameter $AB$ at $H$. Given that $CH =\sqrt2$, compute the area of the region bounded by the three semicircles.

Consider points $A, B, C$. Draw a line through $A$ so that the sum of distances from $B$ and $C$ to this line is equal to the length of a given segment.

Finitely many points are given on the surface of a sphere, such that every four of them lie on the surface of open hemisphere. Prove that all points lie on the surface of an open hemisphere.

Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle, $O$ be its circumcenter, $BM$ be a median, and $BH$ be an altitude. Circles $AOB$ and $BHC$ meet for the second time at point $E$, and circles $AHB$ and $BOC$ meet at point $F$. Prove that $ME = MF$.

It is known that there exists a point $P$ within the interior of $\triangle ABC$ satisfying the following conditions: (i) $\angle PAB \ge 30^\circ$ and $\angle APB \ge \angle PCB + 30^\circ$; (ii) $BP \cdot BC=CP \cdot AB.$ Prove that $\angle BAC \ge 60^\circ$, and that equality holds only when $\triangle ABC$ is equilateral.

Jamie counted the number of edges of a cube, Jimmy counted the number of corners, and Judy counted the number of faces. They then added the three numbers. What was the resulting sum? $\textbf{(A)}\ 12 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 16 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 20\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 22 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 26$

Let $r$ be a rational number in the interval $[-1,1]$ and let $\theta = \cos^{-1} r$. Call a subset $S$ of the plane [i]good[/i] if $S$ is unchanged upon rotation by $\theta$ around any point of $S$ (in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions). Determine all values of $r$ satisfying the following property: The midpoint of any two points in a good set also lies in the set.

Let $R$ be a square region and $n\ge4$ an integer. A point $X$ in the interior of $R$ is called $n\text{-}ray$ partitional if there are $n$ rays emanating from $X$ that divide $R$ into $n$ triangles of equal area. How many points are 100-ray partitional but not 60-ray partitional? $\textbf{(A)}\,1500 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\,1560 \qquad\textbf{(C)}\,2320 \qquad\textbf{(D)}\,2480 \qquad\textbf{(E)}\,2500$

On square $ABCD$, point $E$ lies on side $\overline{AD}$ and point $F$ lies on side $\overline{BC}$, so that $BE=EF=FD=30$. Find the area of square $ABCD$.

Let $ABC$ be an equilateral triangle and $\mathcal{E}$ the set of all points contained in the three segments $AB$, $BC$, and $CA$ (including $A$, $B$, and $C$). Determine whether, for every partition of $\mathcal{E}$ into two disjoint subsets, at least one of the two subsets contains the vertices of a right-angled triangle.

Let $ABC$ be an acute angle triangle. Suppose that $D,E,F$ are the feet of perpendicluar lines from $A,B,C$ to $BC,CA,AB$. Let $P,Q,R$ be the feet of perpendicular lines from $A,B,C$ to $EF,FD,DE$. Prove that \[ 2(PQ+QR+RP)\geq DE+EF+FD \]

The diagonals of trapezoid $ABCD$ ($BC\parallel AD$) meet at point $O$. Points $M$ and $N$ lie on the segments $BC$ and $AD$ respectively. The tangent to the circle $AMC$ at $C$ meets the ray $NB$ at point $P$; the tangent to the circle $BND$ at $D$ meets the ray $MA$ at point $R$. Prove that $\angle BOP =\angle AOR$.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle such that $AB = AC$. Let $D,E$ be points on $AB,AC$ respectively such that $DE = AC$. Let $DE$ meet the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$ at point $T$. Let $P$ be a point on $AT$. Prove that $PD + PE = AT$ if and only if $P$ lies on the circumcircle of triangle $ADE$.