Ten adults enter a room, remove their shoes, and toss their shoes into a pile. Later, a child randomly pairs each left shoe with a right shoe without regard to which shoes belong together. The probability that for every positive integer $k<5,$ no collection of $k$ pairs made by the child contains the shoes from exactly $k$ of the adults is $\tfrac{m}{n},$ where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m+n$.

The incircle $ (I)$ of a given scalene triangle $ ABC$ touches its sides $ BC$, $ CA$, $ AB$ at $ A_1$, $ B_1$, $ C_1$, respectively. Denote $ \omega_B$, $ \omega_C$ the incircles of quadrilaterals $ BA_1IC_1$ and $ CA_1IB_1$, respectively. Prove that the internal common tangent of $ \omega_B$ and $ \omega_C$ different from $ IA_1$ passes through $ A$.

Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with $AB<AC$ and let $O$ be the centre of its circumcircle $\omega$. Let $D$ be a point on the line segment $BC$ such that $\angle BAD = \angle CAO$. Let $E$ be the second point of intersection of $\omega$ and the line $AD$. If $M$, $N$ and $P$ are the midpoints of the line segments $BE$, $OD$ and $AC$, respectively, show that the points $M$, $N$ and $P$ are collinear.

Let $M$ be a set of six distinct positive integers whose sum is $60$. These numbers are written on the faces of a cube, one number to each face. A [i]move[/i] consists of choosing three faces of the cube that share a common vertex and adding $1$ to the numbers on those faces. Determine the number of sets $M$ for which it’s possible, after a finite number of moves, to produce a cube all of whose sides have the same number.

I have $8$ unit cubes of different colors, which I want to glue together into a $2\times 2\times 2$ cube. How many distinct $2\times 2\times 2$ cubes can I make? Rotations of the same cube are not considered distinct, but reflections are.

A circle of radius $2$ is centered at $A$. An equilateral triangle with side $4$ has a vertex at $A$. What is the difference between the area of the region that lies inside the circle but outside the triangle and the area of the region that lies inside the triangle but outside the circle? $ \textbf {(A) } 8-\pi \qquad \textbf {(B) } \pi + 2 \qquad \textbf {(C) } 2\pi - \frac {\sqrt{2}}{2} \qquad \textbf {(D) } 4(\pi - \sqrt{3}) \qquad \textbf {(E) } 2\pi + \frac {\sqrt{3}}{2} $

In a triangle $ABC$, $\angle ABC= 60^o$, point $I$ is the incenter. Let the points $P$ and $T$ on the sides $AB$ and $BC$ respectively such that $PI \parallel BC$ and $TI \parallel AB$ , and points $P_1$ and $T_1$ on the sides $AB$ and $BC$ respectively such that $AP_1 = BP$ and $CT_1 = BT$. Prove that point $I$ lies on segment $P_1T_1$. (Anton Trygub)

Evaluate $\int_{\frac 12}^1 \sqrt{1-x^2}\ dx.$

In a triangle $ABC$, the external bisector of $\angle BAC$ intersects the ray $BC$ at $D$. The feet of the perpendiculars from $B$ and $C$ to line $AD$ are $E$ and $F$, respectively and the foot of the perpendicular from $D$ to $AC$ is $G$. Show that $\angle DGE + \angle DGF = 180^{\circ}$.

Let $ABC$ be an isosceles triangle ($AB=AC$). An arbitrary point $M$ is chosen on the extension of the $BC$ beyond point $B$. Prove that the sum of the radius of the circle inscribed in the triangle $AM​​B$ and the radius of the circle tangent to the side $AC$ and the extensions of the sides $AM, CM$ of the triangle $AMC$ does not depend on the choice of point $M$.

Given a trapezoid $ ABCD$ with $ AD\parallel BC, E$ is a moving point on the side $ AB,$ let $ O_{1},O_{2}$ be the circumcenters of triangles $ AED,BEC$, respectively. Prove that the length of $ O_{1}O_{2}$ is a constant value.

The tetrahedron $ABCD$ has its vertices on the fixed sphere $S$. Prove that $AB^{2}+AC^{2}+AD^{2}-BC^{2}-BD^{2}-CD^{2}$ is minimum iff $AB\perp AC,AC\perp AD,AD\perp AB$.

Suppose $ABCD$ is a cyclic quadrilateral with $\angle ABC = \angle ADC = 90^{\circ}$. Let $E$ and $F$ be the feet of perpendiculars from $A$ and $C$ to $BD$ respectively. Prove that $BE = DF$.

A circle $ \omega$ with center $ O$ is tangent to the rays of an angle $ BAC$ at $ B$ and $ C$. Point $ Q$ is taken inside the angle $ BAC$. Assume that point $ P$ on the segment $ AQ$ is such that $ AQ\perp OP$. The line $ OP$ intersects the circumcircles $ \omega_{1}$ and $ \omega_{2}$ of triangles $ BPQ$ and $ CPQ$ again at points $ M$ and $ N$. Prove that $ OM \equal{} ON$.

Let $ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilateral with $AB < BC$ and $AD < DC$. Let $E$ and $F$ be points on the sides $BC$ and $CD$, respectively, such that $AB = BE$ and $AD = DF$. Let further M denote the midpoint of the segment $EF$. Prove that $\angle BMD = 90^o$.

Let $\Gamma$ be a circle and $P$ be a point outside, $PA$ and $PB$ be tangents to $\Gamma$ , $A, B \in \Gamma$ . Point $K$ is an arbitrary point on the segment $AB$. The circumscirbed circle of $\vartriangle PKB$ intersects $\Gamma$ for the second time at point $T$, point $P'$ is symmetric to point $P$ wrt point $A$. Prove that $\angle PBT = \angle P'KA$.

Given a point $p$ and a line segment $l$, let $d(p,l)$ be the distance between them. Let $A$, $B$, and $C$ be points in the plane such that $AB=6$, $BC=8$, $AC=10$. What is the area of the region in the $(x,y)$-plane formed by the ordered pairs $(x,y)$ such that there exists a point $P$ inside triangle $ABC$ with $d(P,AB)+x=d(P,BC)+y=d(P,AC)?$

Fixed points $B$ and $C$ are on a fixed circle $\omega$ and point $A$ varies on this circle. We call the midpoint of arc $BC$ (not containing $A$) $D$ and the orthocenter of the triangle $ABC$, $H$. Line $DH$ intersects circle $\omega$ again in $K$. Tangent in $A$ to circumcircle of triangle $AKH$ intersects line $DH$ and circle $\omega$ again in $L$ and $M$ respectively. Prove that the value of $\frac{AL}{AM}$ is constant. [i]Proposed by Mehdi E'tesami Fard[/i]

Suppose you have $27$ identical unit cubes colored such that $3$ faces adjacent to a vertex are red and the other $3$ are colored blue. Suppose further that you assemble these $27$ cubes randomly into a larger cube with $3$ cubes to an edge (in particular, the orientation of each cube is random). The probability that the entire cube is one solid color can be written as $\frac{1}{2^n}$ for some positive integer $n$. Find $n$.

While doing her homework for a Momentum Learning class, Valencia draws two intersecting segments $AB = 10$ and $CD = 7$ on a plane. Across all possible configurations of those two segments, determine the maximum possible area of quadrilateral $ACBD$.

Octagon $A_1A_2A_3A_4A_5A_6A_7A_8$ is inscribed in a circle $\Omega$ with center $O$. It is known that $A_1A_2\|A_5A_6$, $A_3A_4\|A_7A_8$ and $A_2A_3\|A_5A_8$. The circle $\omega_{12}$ passes through $A_1$, $A_2$ and touches $A_1A_6$; circle $\omega_{34}$ passes through $A_3$, $A_4$ and touches $A_3A_8$; the circle $\omega_{56}$ passes through $A_5$, $A_6$ and touches $A_5A_2$; the circle $\omega_{78}$ passes through $A_7$, $A_8$ and touches $A_7A_4$. The common external tangent to $\omega_{12}$ and $\omega_{34}$ cross the line passing through ${A_1A_6}\cap{A_3A_8}$ and ${A_5A_2}\cap{A_7A_4}$ at the point $X$. Prove that one of the common tangents to $\omega_{56}$ and $\omega_{78}$ passes through $X$.

Let $O$ be the centre of the incircle of $\triangle ABC$. Points $K,L$ are the intersection points of the circles circumscribed about triangles $BOC,AOC$ respectively with the bisectors of the angles at $A,B$ respectively $(K,L\not= O)$. Also $P$ is the midpoint of segment $KL$, $M$ is the reflection of $O$ with respect to $P$ and $N$ is the reflection of $O$ with respect to line $KL$. Prove that the points $K,L,M$ and $N$ lie on the same circle.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle such that $\angle CAB > \angle ABC$, and let $I$ be its incentre. Let $D$ be the point on segment $BC$ such that $\angle CAD = \angle ABC$. Let $\omega$ be the circle tangent to $AC$ at $A$ and passing through $I$. Let $X$ be the second point of intersection of $\omega$ and the circumcircle of $ABC$. Prove that the angle bisectors of $\angle DAB$ and $\angle CXB$ intersect at a point on line $BC$.

We have a chessboard and we call a $1\times1$ square a room. A robot is standing on one arbitrary vertex of the rooms. The robot starts to move and in every one movement, he moves one side of a room. This robot has $2$ memories $A,B$. At first, the values of $A,B$ are $0$. In each movement, if he goes up, $1$ unit is added to $A$, and if he goes down, $1$ unit is waned from $A$, and if he goes right, the value of $A$ is added to $B$, and if he goes left, the value of $A$ is waned from $B$. Suppose that the robot has traversed a traverse (!) which hasn’t intersected itself and finally, he has come back to its initial vertex. If $v(B)$ is the value of $B$ in the last of the traverse, prove that in this traverse, the interior surface of the shape that the robot has moved on its circumference is equal to $|v(B)|$.

A configuration of $4027$ points in the plane is called Colombian if it consists of $2013$ red points and $2014$ blue points, and no three of the points of the configuration are collinear. By drawing some lines, the plane is divided into several regions. An arrangement of lines is good for a Colombian configuration if the following two conditions are satisfied: i) No line passes through any point of the configuration. ii) No region contains points of both colors. Find the least value of $k$ such that for any Colombian configuration of $4027$ points, there is a good arrangement of $k$ lines. Proposed by [i]Ivan Guo[/i] from [i]Australia.[/i]