Found problems: 405
1990 French Mathematical Olympiad, Problem 5
In a triangle $ABC$, $\Gamma$ denotes the excircle corresponding to $A$, $A',B',C'$ are the points of tangency of $\Gamma$ with $BC,CA,AB$ respectively, and $S(ABC)$ denotes the region of the plane determined by segments $AB',AC'$ and the arc $C'A'B'$ of $\Gamma$.
Prove that there is a triangle $ABC$ of a given perimeter $p$ for which the area of $S(ABC)$ is maximal. For this triangle, give an approximate measure of the angle at $A$.
2011 Indonesia TST, 3
Let $M$ be a point in the interior of triangle $ABC$. Let $A'$ lie on $BC$ with $MA'$ perpendicular to $BC$. Define $B'$ on $CA$ and $C'$ on $AB$ similarly. Define
\[
p(M) = \frac{MA' \cdot MB' \cdot MC'}{MA \cdot MB \cdot MC}.
\]
Determine, with proof, the location of $M$ such that $p(M)$ is maximal. Let $\mu(ABC)$ denote this maximum value. For which triangles $ABC$ is the value of $\mu(ABC)$ maximal?
2008 Germany Team Selection Test, 2
Point $ P$ lies on side $ AB$ of a convex quadrilateral $ ABCD$. Let $ \omega$ be the incircle of triangle $ CPD$, and let $ I$ be its incenter. Suppose that $ \omega$ is tangent to the incircles of triangles $ APD$ and $ BPC$ at points $ K$ and $ L$, respectively. Let lines $ AC$ and $ BD$ meet at $ E$, and let lines $ AK$ and $ BL$ meet at $ F$. Prove that points $ E$, $ I$, and $ F$ are collinear.
[i]Author: Waldemar Pompe, Poland[/i]
2002 Germany Team Selection Test, 2
Let $A_1$ be the center of the square inscribed in acute triangle $ABC$ with two vertices of the square on side $BC$. Thus one of the two remaining vertices of the square is on side $AB$ and the other is on $AC$. Points $B_1,\ C_1$ are defined in a similar way for inscribed squares with two vertices on sides $AC$ and $AB$, respectively. Prove that lines $AA_1,\ BB_1,\ CC_1$ are concurrent.
2008 Czech and Slovak Olympiad III A, 3
Find the greatest value of $p$ and the smallest value of $q$ such that for any triangle in the plane, the inequality
\[p<\frac{a+m}{b+n}<q\]
holds, where $a,b$ are it's two sides and $m,n$ their corresponding medians.
1974 Czech and Slovak Olympiad III A, 2
Let a triangle $ABC$ be given. For any point $X$ of the triangle denote $m(X)=\min\{XA,XB,XC\}.$ Find all points $X$ (of triangle $ABC$) such that $m(X)$ is maximal.
1997 Estonia National Olympiad, 2
Side lengths $a,b,c$ of a triangle satisfy $\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{a+b+c}= c^2$. Find the measure of the angle opposite to side $c$.
1997 French Mathematical Olympiad, Problem 4
In a triangle $ABC$, let $a,b,c$ be its sides and $m,n,p$ be the corresponding medians. For every $\alpha>0$, let $\lambda(\alpha)$ be the real number such that
$$a^\alpha+b^\alpha+c^\alpha=\lambda(\alpha)^\alpha\left(m^\alpha+n^\alpha+p^\alpha\right)^\alpha.$$
(a) Compute $\lambda(2)$.
(b) Find the limit of $\lambda(\alpha)$ as $\alpha$ approaches $0$.
(c) For which triangles $ABC$ is $\lambda(\alpha)$ independent of $\alpha$?
1982 Bundeswettbewerb Mathematik, 2
Decide whether every triangle $ABC$ in space can be orthogonally projected onto a plane such that the projection is an equilateral triangle $A'B'C'$.
2004 India IMO Training Camp, 3
Every point with integer coordinates in the plane is the center of a disk with radius $1/1000$.
(1) Prove that there exists an equilateral triangle whose vertices lie in different discs.
(2) Prove that every equilateral triangle with vertices in different discs has side-length greater than $96$.
[i]Radu Gologan, Romania[/i]
[hide="Remark"]
The "> 96" in [b](b)[/b] can be strengthened to "> 124". By the way, part [b](a)[/b] of this problem is the place where I used [url=http://mathlinks.ro/viewtopic.php?t=5537]the well-known "Dedekind" theorem[/url].
[/hide]
2022 AMC 10, 13
Let $\triangle ABC$ be a scalene triangle. Point $P$ lies on $\overline{BC}$ so that $\overline{AP}$ bisects $\angle BAC$. The line through $B$ perpendicular to $\overline{AP}$ intersects the line through $A$ parallel to $\overline{BC}$ at point $D$. Suppose $BP = 2$ and $PC = 3$. What is $AD$ ?
$\textbf{(A) }8\qquad\textbf{(B) }9\qquad\textbf{(C) }10\qquad\textbf{(D) }11\qquad\textbf{(E) }12$
2013 Singapore MO Open, 5
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with integral side lengths such that $\angle A=3\angle B$. Find the minimum value of its perimeter.
2004 Germany Team Selection Test, 2
Let $ABC$ be a triangle and let $P$ be a point in its interior. Denote by $D$, $E$, $F$ the feet of the perpendiculars from $P$ to the lines $BC$, $CA$, $AB$, respectively. Suppose that \[AP^2 + PD^2 = BP^2 + PE^2 = CP^2 + PF^2.\] Denote by $I_A$, $I_B$, $I_C$ the excenters of the triangle $ABC$. Prove that $P$ is the circumcenter of the triangle $I_AI_BI_C$.
[i]Proposed by C.R. Pranesachar, India [/i]
1998 Croatia National Olympiad, Problem 1
Let $a,b,c$ be the sides and $\alpha,\beta,\gamma$ be the corresponding angles of a triangle. Prove the equality
$$\left(\frac bc+\frac cb\right)\cos\alpha+\left(\frac ca+\frac ac\right)\cos\beta+\left(\frac ab+\frac ba\right)\cos\gamma=3.$$
2018 Serbia National Math Olympiad, 1
Let $\triangle ABC$ be a triangle with incenter $I$. Points $P$ and $Q$ are chosen on segmets $BI$ and $CI$ such that $2\angle PAQ=\angle BAC$. If $D$ is the touch point of incircle and side $BC$ prove that $\angle PDQ=90$.
2012 Bosnia and Herzegovina Junior BMO TST, 4
If $a$, $b$ and $c$ are sides of triangle which perimeter equals $1$, prove that:
$a^2+b^2+c^2+4abc<\frac{1}{2}$
2017 China Northern MO, 3
Let \(D\) be the midpoint of side \(BC\) of triangle \(ABC\). Let \(E, F\) be points on sides \(AB, AC\) respectively such that \(DE = DF\). Prove that \(AE + AF = BE + CF \iff \angle EDF = \angle BAC\).
1969 Putnam, A3
Let $P$ be a non-selfintersecting closed polygon with $n$ sides. Let its vertices be $P_1 , P_2 ,\ldots, P_n .$
Let $m$ other points,$Q_1 , Q_2 ,\ldots, Q_m $ , interior to $P$, be given. Let the figure be triangulated.
This means that certain pairs of the $(n+m)$ points $P_1 ,\ldots , Q_m$ are connected by line
segments such that (i) the resulting figure consists exclusively of a set $T$ of triangles, (ii) if two
different triangles in $T$ have more than a vertex in common then they have exactly a side in
common, and (iii) the set of vertices of the triangles in $T$ is precisely the set of the $(n+m)$ points
$P_1 ,\ldots , Q_m.$ How many triangles are in $T$?
1982 IMO Longlists, 54
The right triangles $ABC$ and $AB_1C_1$ are similar and have opposite orientation. The right angles are at $C$ and $C_1$, and we also have $ \angle CAB = \angle C_1AB_1$. Let $M$ be the point of intersection of the lines $BC_1$ and $B_1C$. Prove that if the lines $AM$ and $CC_1$ exist, they are perpendicular.
1967 IMO, 4
$A_0B_0C_0$ and $A_1B_1C_1$ are acute-angled triangles. Describe, and prove, how to construct the triangle $ABC$ with the largest possible area which is circumscribed about $A_0B_0C_0$ (so $BC$ contains $B_0, CA$ contains $B_0$, and $AB$ contains $C_0$) and similar to $A_1B_1C_1.$
2004 Germany Team Selection Test, 3
Let $ABC$ be an isosceles triangle with $AC=BC$, whose incentre is $I$. Let $P$ be a point on the circumcircle of the triangle $AIB$ lying inside the triangle $ABC$. The lines through $P$ parallel to $CA$ and $CB$ meet $AB$ at $D$ and $E$, respectively. The line through $P$ parallel to $AB$ meets $CA$ and $CB$ at $F$ and $G$, respectively. Prove that the lines $DF$ and $EG$ intersect on the circumcircle of the triangle $ABC$.
[i]Proposed by Hojoo Lee, Korea[/i]
1941 Moscow Mathematical Olympiad, 082
* Given $\vartriangle ABC$, divide it into the minimal number of parts so that after being flipped over these parts can constitute the same $\vartriangle ABC$.
1994 Bundeswettbewerb Mathematik, 3
Given a triangle $A_1 A_2 A_3$ and a point $P$ inside. Let $B_i$ be a point on the side opposite to $A_i$ for $i=1,2,3$, and let $C_i$ and $D_i$ be the midpoints of $A_i B_i$ and $P B_i$, respectively. Prove that the triangles $C_1 C_2 C_3$ and $D_1 D_2 D_3$ have equal area.
2013 AMC 12/AHSME, 1
Square $ ABCD $ has side length $ 10 $. Point $ E $ is on $ \overline{BC} $, and the area of $ \bigtriangleup ABE $ is $ 40 $. What is $ BE $?
$\textbf{(A)} \ 4 \qquad \textbf{(B)} \ 5 \qquad \textbf{(C)} \ 6 \qquad \textbf{(D)} \ 7 \qquad \textbf{(E)} \ 8 \qquad $
[asy]
pair A,B,C,D,E;
A=(0,0);
B=(0,50);
C=(50,50);
D=(50,0);
E = (30,50);
draw(A--B);
draw(B--E);
draw(E--C);
draw(C--D);
draw(D--A);
draw(A--E);
dot(A);
dot(B);
dot(C);
dot(D);
dot(E);
label("A",A,SW);
label("B",B,NW);
label("C",C,NE);
label("D",D,SE);
label("E",E,N);
[/asy]
2003 Federal Math Competition of S&M, Problem 3
Let $a,b$ and $c$ be the lengths of the edges of a triangle whose angles are $\alpha=40^\circ,\beta=60^\circ$ and $\gamma=80^\circ$. Prove that
$$a(a+b+c)=b(b+c).$$