Found problems: 85335
2015 CCA Math Bonanza, I5
Triangle $ABC$ is equilateral with side length $12$. Point $D$ is the midpoint of side $\overline{BC}$. Circles $A$ and $D$ intersect at the midpoints of side $AB$ and $AC$. Point $E$ lies on segment $\overline{AD}$ and circle $E$ is tangent to circles $A$ and $D$. Compute the radius of circle $E$.
[i]2015 CCA Math Bonanza Individual Round #5[/i]
2024 Rioplatense Mathematical Olympiad, 4
There are 4 countries: Argentina, Brazil, Peru and Uruguay. Each country consists of 4 islands. There are bridges going back and forth between some of the 16 islands. Carlos noted that whenever he travels between some of the islands using the bridges, without using the same bridge twice, and ending in the island where he started his journey, he will necessarily visit at least one island of each country.
Determine the maximum number of bridges there can be.
1983 Putnam, B6
Let $ k$ be a positive integer, let $ m\equal{}2^k\plus{}1$, and let $ r\neq 1$ be a complex root of $ z^m\minus{}1\equal{}0$. Prove that there exist polynomials $ P(z)$ and $ Q(z)$ with integer coefficients such that $ (P(r))^2\plus{}(Q(r))^2\equal{}\minus{}1$.
2013 Online Math Open Problems, 29
Kevin has $255$ cookies, each labeled with a unique nonempty subset of $\{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8\}$. Each day, he chooses one cookie uniformly at random out of the cookies not yet eaten. Then, he eats that cookie, and all remaining cookies that are labeled with a subset of that cookie (for example, if he chooses the cookie labeled with $\{1,2\}$, he eats that cookie as well as the cookies with $\{1\}$ and $\{2\}$). The expected value of the number of days that Kevin eats a cookie before all cookies are gone can be expressed in the form $\frac{m}{n}$, where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m + n$.
[i]Proposed by Ray Li[/i]
1941 Putnam, B1
A particle $(x,y)$ moves so that its angular velocities about $(1,0)$ and $(-1,0)$ are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. Prove that
$$y(x^2 +y^2 +1)\; dx= x(x^2 +y^2 -1) \;dy,$$
and verify that this is the differential equation of the family of rectangular hyperbolas passing through $(1,0)$ and $(-1,0)$ and having the origin as center.
1986 All Soviet Union Mathematical Olympiad, 440
Consider all the tetrahedrons $AXBY$, circumscribed around the sphere. Let $A$ and $B$ points be fixed. Prove that the sum of angles in the non-plane quadrangle $AXBY$ doesn't depend on points $X$ and $Y$ .
2018 Lusophon Mathematical Olympiad, 5
Determine the increasing geometric progressions, with three integer terms, such that the sum of these terms is $57$
2017 Saint Petersburg Mathematical Olympiad, 3
Petya, Vasya and Tolya play a game on a $100\times 100$ board. They take turns (starting from Petya, then Vasya, then Tolya, then Petya, etc.) paint the boundary cells of the board (i.e., having a common side with the boundary of the board.) It is forbidden to paint the cell that is adjacent to the already painted one. In addition, it’s also forbidden to paint the cell which is symmetrical to the painted one, with respect to the center of the board. The player who can’t make the move loss. Can Vasya and Tolya, after agreeing, play so that Petya loses?
1987 AIME Problems, 14
Compute
\[ \frac{(10^4+324)(22^4+324)(34^4+324)(46^4+324)(58^4+324)}{(4^4+324)(16^4+324)(28^4+324)(40^4+324)(52^4+324)}. \]
2011 Sharygin Geometry Olympiad, 13
a) Find the locus of centroids for triangles whose vertices lie on the sides of a given triangle (each side contains a single vertex).
b) Find the locus of centroids for tetrahedrons whose vertices lie on the faces of a given tetrahedron (each face contains a single vertex).
MOAA Gunga Bowls, 2021.15
Let $a,b,c,d$ be the four roots of the polynomial
\[x^4+3x^3-x^2+x-2.\]
Given that $\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}=\frac{1}{2}$ and $\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{1}{d^2}=-\frac{3}{4}$, the value of
\[\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}\]
can be expressed as $\frac{m}{n}$ for relatively prime positive integers $m$ and $n$. Compute $m+n$.
[i]Proposed by Nathan Xiong[/i]
1994 Irish Math Olympiad, 2
Let $ A,B,C$ be collinear points on the plane with $ B$ between $ A$ and $ C$. Equilateral triangles $ ABD,BCE,CAF$ are constructed with $ D,E$ on one side of the line $ AC$ and $ F$ on the other side. Prove that the centroids of the triangles are the vertices of an equilateral triangle, and that the centroid of this triangle lies on the line $ AC$.
2000 Korea - Final Round, 2
Prove that an $m \times n$ rectangle can be constructed using copies of the following shape if and only if $mn$ is a multiple of $8$ where $m>1$ and $n>1$
[asy]
draw ((0,0)--(0,1));
draw ((0,0)--(1.5,0));
draw ((0,1)--(.5,1));
draw ((.5,1)--(.5,0));
draw ((0,.5)--(1.5,.5));
draw ((1.5,.5)--(1.5,0));
draw ((1,.5)--(1,0));
[/asy]
2024 Caucasus Mathematical Olympiad, 2
In an acute-angled triangle $ABC$ let $BL$ be the bisector, and let $BK$ be the altitude. Let the lines $BL$ and $BK$ meet the circumcircle of $ABC$ again at $W$ and $T$, respectively. Given that $BC = BW$, prove that $TL \perp BC$.
2021 Dutch IMO TST, 3
Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled and non-isosceles triangle with orthocenter $H$. Let $O$ be the center of the circumscribed circle of triangle $ABC$ and let $K$ be center of the circumscribed circle of triangle $AHO$. Prove that the reflection of $K$ wrt $OH$ lies on $BC$.
2016 IMO Shortlist, N8
Find all polynomials $P(x)$ of odd degree $d$ and with integer coefficients satisfying the following property: for each positive integer $n$, there exists $n$ positive integers $x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n$ such that $\frac12 < \frac{P(x_i)}{P(x_j)} < 2$ and $\frac{P(x_i)}{P(x_j)}$ is the $d$-th power of a rational number for every pair of indices $i$ and $j$ with $1 \leq i, j \leq n$.
1953 AMC 12/AHSME, 19
In the expression $ xy^2$, the values of $ x$ and $ y$ are each decreased $ 25\%$; the value of the expression is:
$ \textbf{(A)}\ \text{decreased } 50\% \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ \text{decreased }75\%\\
\textbf{(C)}\ \text{decreased }\frac{37}{64}\text{ of its value} \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ \text{decreased }\frac{27}{64}\text{ of its value}\\
\textbf{(E)}\ \text{none of these}$
2015 IMO Shortlist, G6
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $AB > AC$. Let $\Gamma $ be its circumcircle, $H$ its orthocenter, and $F$ the foot of the altitude from $A$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of $BC$. Let $Q$ be the point on $\Gamma$ such that $\angle HQA = 90^{\circ}$ and let $K$ be the point on $\Gamma$ such that $\angle HKQ = 90^{\circ}$. Assume that the points $A$, $B$, $C$, $K$ and $Q$ are all different and lie on $\Gamma$ in this order.
Prove that the circumcircles of triangles $KQH$ and $FKM$ are tangent to each other.
Proposed by Ukraine
2021 IMO, 1
Let $n \geqslant 100$ be an integer. Ivan writes the numbers $n, n+1, \ldots, 2 n$ each on different cards. He then shuffles these $n+1$ cards, and divides them into two piles. Prove that at least one of the piles contains two cards such that the sum of their numbers is a perfect square.
2011 Sharygin Geometry Olympiad, 8
Using only the ruler, divide the side of a square table into $n$ equal parts.
All lines drawn must lie on the surface of the table.
1998 VJIMC, Problem 4-M
Prove the inequality
$$\frac{n\pi}4-\frac1{\sqrt{8n}}\le\frac12+\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}\sqrt{1-\frac{k^2}{n^2}}\le\frac{n\pi}4$$for every integer $n\ge2$.
2017 China Girls Math Olympiad, 6
Given a finite set $X$, two positive integers $n,k$, and a map $f:X\to X$. Define $f^{(1)}(x)=f(x),f^{(i+1)}(x)=f^{(i)}(x)$,$i=1,2,3,\ldots$. It is known that for any $x\in X$,$f^{(n)}(x)=x$.
Define $m_j$ the number of $x\in X$ satisfying $f^{(j)}(x)=x$.
Prove that:
(1)$\frac{1}n \sum_{j=1}^n m_j\sin {\frac{2kj\pi}{n}}=0$
(2)$\frac{1}n \sum_{j=1}^n m_j\cos {\frac{2kj\pi}{n}}$ is a non-negative integer.
2008 Serbia National Math Olympiad, 6
In a convex pentagon $ ABCDE$, let $ \angle EAB \equal{} \angle ABC \equal{} 120^{\circ}$, $ \angle ADB \equal{} 30^{\circ}$ and $ \angle CDE \equal{} 60^{\circ}$. Let $ AB \equal{} 1$. Prove that the area of the pentagon is less than $ \sqrt {3}$.
2015 ELMO Problems, 4
Let $a > 1$ be a positive integer. Prove that for some nonnegative integer $n$, the number $2^{2^n}+a$ is not prime.
[i]Proposed by Jack Gurev[/i]
2025 Kosovo National Mathematical Olympiad`, P4
Find all functions $f : \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ for which these two conditions hold simultaneously
(i) For all $m,n \in \mathbb{N}$ we have:
$$ \frac{f(mn)}{\gcd(m,n)} = \frac{f(m)f(n)}{f(\gcd(m,n))};$$
(ii) For all prime numbers $p$, there exists a prime number $q$ such that $f(p^{2025})=q^{2025}$.