Benedek draws circles with the same center in the following way. The first circle he draws has radius $1$. Next, he draws a second circle such that the ring between the first and second circles has twice the area of the first circle. Next, he draws a third circle such that the ring between the second and third circles is three times the area of the first circle, and so on (see the diagram). What is the smallest $n$ fow which the radius of the $n$-th circle is an integer greater than $1$? [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/e/2/afa6d5ead6f2252aa821028370a3768912e674.png[/img]

In triangle $ABC$ $AD$ and $BE$ are altitudes. Let $L$ be a point on $ED$ such that $ED$ is orthogonal to $BL$. If $LB^2=LD\cdot LE$ prove that triangle $ABC$ is isosceles

[u]Part 6 [/u] [b]p16.[/b] Le[b][/b]t $p(x)$ and $q(x)$ be polynomials with integer coefficients satisfying $p(1) = q(1)$. Find the greatest integer $n$ such that $\frac{p(2023)-q(2023)}{n}$ is an integer no matter what $p(x)$ and $q(x)$ are. [b]p17.[/b] Find all ordered pairs of integers $(m,n)$ that satisfy $n^3 +m^3 +231 = n^2m^2 +nm.$ [b]p18.[/b] Ben rolls the frustum-shaped piece of candy (shown below) in such a way that the lateral area is always in contact with the table. He rolls the candy until it returns to its original position and orientation. Given that $AB = 4$ and $BD =CD = 3$, find the length of the path traced by $A$. [u]Part 7 [/u] [b]p19.[/b] In their science class, Adam, Chris, Eddie and Sam are independently and randomly assigned an integer grade between $70$ and $79$ inclusive. Given that they each have a distinct grade, what is the expected value of the maximum grade among their four grades? [b]p20.[/b] Let $ABCD$ be a regular tetrahedron with side length $2$. Let point $E$ be the foot of the perpendicular from $D$ to the plane containing $\vartriangle ABC$. There exist two distinct spheres $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$, centered at points $O_1$ and $O_2$ respectively, such that both $O_1$ and $O_2$ lie on $\overrightarrow{DE}$ and both spheres are tangent to all four of the planes $ABC$, $BCD$, $CDA$, and $DAB$. Find the sum of the volumes of $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$. [b]p21.[/b] Evaluate $$\sum^{\infty}_{i=0}\sum^{\infty}_{j=0}\sum^{\infty}_{k=0} \frac{1}{(i + j +k +1)2^{i+j+k+1}}.$$ [u]Part 8 [/u] [b]p22.[/b] In $\vartriangle ABC$, let $I_A$, $I_B$ , and $I_C$ denote the $A$, $B$, and $C$-excenters, respectively. Given that $AB = 15$, $BC = 14$ and $C A = 13$, find $\frac{[I_A I_B I_C ]}{[ABC]}$ . [b]p23.[/b] The polynomial $x +2x^2 +3x^3 +4x^4 +5x^5 +6x^6 +5x^7 +4x^8 +3x^9 +2x^{10} +x^{11}$ has distinct complex roots $z_1, z_2, ..., z_n$. Find $$\sum^n_{k=1} |R(z^2n))|+|I(z^2n)|,$$ where $R(z)$ and $I(z)$ indicate the real and imaginary parts of $z$, respectively. Express your answer in simplest radical form. [b]p24.[/b] Given that $\sin 33^o +2\sin 161^o \cdot \sin 38^o = \sin n^o$ , compute the least positive integer value of $n$. [u]Part 9[/u] [b]p25.[/b] Submit a prime between $2$ and $2023$, inclusive. If you don’t, or if you submit the same number as another team’s submission, you will receive $0$ points. Otherwise, your score will be $\min \left(30, \lfloor 4 \cdot ln(x) \rfloor \right)$, where $x$ is the positive difference between your submission and the closest valid submission made by another team. [b]p26.[/b] Sam, Derek, Jacob, andMuztaba are eating a very large pizza with $2023$ slices. Due to dietary preferences, Sam will only eat an even number of slices, Derek will only eat a multiple of $3$ slices, Jacob will only eat a multiple of $5$ slices, andMuztaba will only eat a multiple of $7$ slices. How many ways are there for Sam, Derek, Jacob, andMuztaba to eat the pizza, given that all slices are identical and order of slices eaten is irrelevant? If your answer is $A$ and the correct answer is $C$, the number of points you receive will be: irrelevant? If your answer is $A$ and the correct answer is $C$, the number of points you receive will be: $$\max \left( 0, \left\lfloor 30 \left( 1-2\sqrt{\frac{|A-C|}{C}}\right)\right\rfloor \right)$$ [b]p27.[/b] Let $ \Omega_(k)$ denote the number of perfect square divisors of $k$. Compute $$\sum^{10000}_{k=1} \Omega_(k).$$ If your answer is $A$ and the correct answer is $C$, the number of points you recieve will be $$\max \left( 0, \left\lfloor 30 \left( 1-4\sqrt{\frac{|A-C|}{C}}\right)\right\rfloor \right)$$ PS. You should use hide for answers. Rounds 1-5 have been posted [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3267911p30056982]here[/url]. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].

Circles $k_1$ and $k_2$ intersect at $P$ and $Q$, and $A$ and $B$ are the tangency points of their common tangent that is closer to $P$ (where $A$ is on $k_1$ and $B$ on $k_2$). The tangent to $k_1$ at $P$ intersects $k_2$ again at $C$. The lines $AP$ and $BC$ meet at $R$. Show that the lines $BP$ and $BC$ are tangent to the circumcircle of triangle $PQR$.

Let $A(XYZ)$ be the area of the triangle $XYZ$. A non-regular convex polygon $P_1 P_2 \ldots P_n$ is called [i]guayaco[/i] if exists a point $O$ in its interior such that \[A(P_1OP_2) = A(P_2OP_3) = \cdots = A(P_nOP_1).\] Show that, for every integer $n \ge 3$, a guayaco polygon of $n$ sides exists.

The points $M$ and $N$ are on the side $BC$ of $\Delta ABC$, so that $BM=CN$ and $M$ is between $B$ and $N$. Points $P\in AN$ and $Q\in AM$ are such that $\angle PMC=\angle MAB$ and $\angle QNB=\angle NAC$. Prove that $\angle QBC=\angle PCB$.

An altitude $AH$ of triangle $ABC$ bisects a median $BM$. Prove that the medians of triangle $ABM$ are sidelengths of a right-angled triangle. by Yu.Blinkov

Let $ABC$ be a triangle. Let $D, E$ be a points on the segment $BC$ such that $BD =DE = EC$. Let $F$ be the mid-point of $AC$. Let $BF$ intersect $AD$ in $P$ and $AE$ in $Q$ respectively. Determine $BP:PQ$.

The incircle of $ \triangle A_{0}B_{0}C_{0}$, meets legs $B_{0}C_{0}$, $C_{0}A_{0}$, $A_{0}B_{0}$, respectively on points $A$, $B$, $C$, and the incircle of $ \triangle ABC$, with center $I$, meets legs $BC$, $CA$, $AB$, on points $A_{1}$, $B_{1}$, $C_{1}$, respectively. We write with $ \sigma (ABC)$, and $ \sigma (A_{1}B_{1}C_{1})$ the areas of $ \triangle ABC$, and $ \triangle A_{1}B_{1}C_{1}$ respectively. Prove that if $ \sigma (ABC)=2 \sigma (A_{1}B_{1}C_{1})$, then lines $AA_{0}$, $BB_{0}$, $CC_{0}$ are concurrent.

Convex quadrilateral $ABCD$ is inscribed in circle $w.$Rays $AB$ and $DC$ intersect at $K.\ L$ is chosen on the diagonal $BD$ so that $\angle BAC= \angle DAL.\ M$ is chosen on the segment $KL$ so that $CM \mid\mid BD.$ Prove that line $BM$ touches $w.$ [i](Kungozhin M.)[/i]

A cube is formed from $n^3$ ($n \ge 2$) unit cubes, each painted white on five randomly selected sides. This cube is dipped into paint remover and broken into the original unit cubes. What is the expected number of these unit cubes with exactly four sides painted white?

Crystal has a running course marked out for her daily run. She starts this run by heading due north for one mile. She then runs northeast for one mile, then southeast for one mile. The last portion of her run takes her on a straight line back to where she started. How far, in miles is this last portion of her run? $ \textbf{(A)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \sqrt2 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \sqrt3 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 2 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 2\sqrt2$

In a quadrilateral $ABCD$ points $M$ and $N$ are the midpoints of the diagonals $AC$ and $BD$, respectively. The line through $M$ and $N$ meets $AB$ and $CD$ at $M'$ and $N'$, respectively. Prove that if $MM' = NN'$, then $AD // BC$.

In triangle $\, ABC, \,$ angle $\,A\,$ is twice angle $\,B,\,$ angle $\,C\,$ is obtuse, and the three side lengths $\,a,b,c\,$ are integers. Determine, with proof, the minimum possible perimeter.

An $n$-dimensional cube is given. Consider all the segments connecting any two different vertices of the cube. How many distinct intersection points do these segments have (excluding the vertices)?

Given a segment $AB$ in the plane, choose on it a point $M$ different from $A$ and $B$. Two equilateral triangles $\triangle AMC$ and $\triangle BMD$ in the plane are constructed on the same side of segment $AB$. The circumcircles of the two triangles intersect in point $M$ and another point $N$. (The [b]circumcircle[/b] of a triangle is the circle that passes through all three of its vertices.) (a) Prove that lines $AD$ and $BC$ pass through point $N$. (b) Prove that no matter where one chooses the point $M$ along segment $AB$, all lines $MN$ will pass through some fixed point $K$ in the plane.

A square and equilateral triangle have the same perimeter. If the triangle has area $16\sqrt3$, what is the area of the square? [i]Proposed by Evan Chen[/i]

Let $\vartriangle ABC$ be an acute triangle, and let $P$ be the foot of altitude from $C$ to $AB$. Let $\omega$ be the circle with diameter $BC$. The tangents from $A$ to $\omega$ are drawn touching $\omega$ at $D$ and $E$. Lines $AD$ and $AE$ intersect line $BC$ at $M$ and $N$ respectively, so that $B$ lies between $M$ and $C$. Let $CP$ intersect $DE$ at $Q, ME$ intersect $ND$ at $R$, and let $QR$ intersect $BC$ at $S$. Show that $QS$ bisects $\angle DSE$

Let $BM$ be the median of the triangle $ABC$, in which $AB> BC$. Point $P$ is chosen so that $AB \parallel PC$ and$ PM \perp BM$. The point $Q$ is chosen on the line $BP$ so that $\angle AQC = 90^o$, and the points $B$ and $Q$ lie on opposite sides of the line $AC$. Prove that $AB = BQ$. (Mikhail Standenko)

An $ 8$-foot by $ 10$-foot floor is tiled with square tiles of size $ 1$ foot by $ 1$ foot. Each tile has a pattern consisting of four white quarter circles of radius $ 1/2$ foot centered at each corner of the tile. The remaining portion of the tile is shaded. How many square feet of the floor are shaded? [asy]unitsize(2cm); defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)); fill(unitsquare,gray); filldraw(Arc((0,0),.5,0,90)--(0,0)--cycle,white,black); filldraw(Arc((1,0),.5,90,180)--(1,0)--cycle,white,black); filldraw(Arc((1,1),.5,180,270)--(1,1)--cycle,white,black); filldraw(Arc((0,1),.5,270,360)--(0,1)--cycle,white,black);[/asy]$ \textbf{(A)}\ 80\minus{}20\pi \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 60\minus{}10\pi \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 80\minus{}10\pi \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 60\plus{}10\pi \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 80\plus{}10\pi$

Let $ ABCDA’B’C’D’ $ a right parallelepiped and $ M,N $ the feet of the perpendiculars of $ BD $ through $ A’, $ respectively, $ C’. $ We know that $ AB=\sqrt 2, BC=\sqrt 3, AA’=\sqrt 2. $ [b]a)[/b] Prove that $ A’M\perp C’N. $ [b]b)[/b] Calculate the dihedral angle between the plane formed by $ A’MC $ and the plane formed by $ ANC’. $

A parallelopiped has vertices $A_1, A_2, ... , A_8$ and center $O$. Show that: \[ 4 \sum_{i=1}^8 OA_i ^2 \leq \left(\sum_{i=1}^8 OA_i \right) ^2 \]

Let $ ABC $ a right triangle in $ A. $ Let $ D $ a point on the segment $ AC, $ and $ E,F $ the projections of $ A $ upon the lines $ BD, $ respectively, $ BC. $ Show that the quadrilateral $ CDEF $ is concyclic.

$M$ is an interior point of a rectangle $ABCD$ and $S$ is its area. Prove that $S \le AM \cdot CM + BM \cdot DM$. (I.J . Goldsheyd)

A triangle $XY Z$ and a circle $\omega$ of radius $2$ are given in a plane, such that $\omega$ intersects segment $\overline{XY}$ at the points $A$, $B$, segment $\overline{Y Z}$ at the points $C$, $D$, and segment $\overline{ZX}$ at the points $E$, $F$. Suppose that $XB > XA$, $Y D > Y C$, and $ZF > ZE$. In addition, $XA = 1$, $Y C = 2$, $ZE = 3$, and $AB = CD = EF$. Compute $AB$.