The numbers $\frac{1}{1}, \frac{1}{2}, \cdots , \frac{1}{2012}$ are written on the blackboard. Aïcha chooses any two numbers from the blackboard, say $x$ and $y$, erases them and she writes instead the number $x + y + xy$. She continues to do this until only one number is left on the board. What are the possible values of the final number?

$(YUG 2)$ A park has the shape of a convex pentagon of area $50000\sqrt{3} m^2$. A man standing at an interior point $O$ of the park notices that he stands at a distance of at most $200 m$ from each vertex of the pentagon. Prove that he stands at a distance of at least $100 m$ from each side of the pentagon.

The number of significant digits in the measurement of the side of a square whose computed area is $ 1.1025$ square inches to the nearest ten-thousandth of a square inch is: $ \textbf{(A)}\ 2 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 3 \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 4 \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 5 \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 1$

Barack is an equilateral triangle and Michelle is a square. If Barack and Michelle each have perimeter $ 12$, find the area of the polygon with larger area.

A square of area $40$ is inscribed in a semicircle as shown. What is the area of the semicircle? [asy] defaultpen(linewidth(0.8)); real r=sqrt(50), s=sqrt(10); draw(Arc(origin, r, 0, 180)); draw((r,0)--(-r,0), dashed); draw((s,0)--(s,2*s)--(-s,2*s)--(-s,0));[/asy] $ \textbf{(A) }20\pi\qquad\textbf{(B) }25\pi\qquad\textbf{(C) }30\pi\qquad\textbf{(D) }40\pi\qquad\textbf{(E) }50\pi $

Find the maximum possible volume of a tetrahedron which has three faces with area $1$.

Prove that $\frac 12 \cdot \sqrt{4\sin^2 36^{\circ} - 1}=\cos 72^\circ$.

In an acute triangle $ABC$ the angle $\angle C$ is greater than $\angle A$. Let $E$ be such that $AE$ is a diameter of the circumscribed circle $\Gamma$ of \vartriangle ABC. Let $K$ be the intersection of $AC$ and the tangent line at $B$ to $\Gamma$. Let $L$ be the orthogonal projection of $K$ on $AE$ and let $D$ be the intersection of $KL$ and $AB$. Prove that $CE$ is the bisector of $\angle BCD$.

Let $ ABC$ be a triangle with sides $ BC\equal{}a, CA\equal{}b,AB\equal{}c$ and let $ D$ and $ E$ be the midpoints of $ AC$ and $ AB$, respectively. Prove that the medians $ BD$ and $ CE$ are perpendicular to each other if and only if $ b^2\plus{}c^2\equal{}5a^2$.

In the plane, let $a$, $b$ be two closed broken lines (possibly self-intersecting), and $K$, $L$, $M$, $N$ be four points. The vertices of $a$, $b$ and the points $K$ $L$, $M$, $N$ are in general position (i.e. no three of these points are collinear, and no three segments between them concur at an interior point). Each of segments $KL$ and $MN$ meets $a$ at an even number of points, and each of segments $LM$ and $NK$ meets $a$ at an odd number of points. Conversely, each of segments $KL$ and $MN$ meets $b$ at an odd number of points, and each of segments $LM$ and $NK$ meets $b$ at an even number of points. Prove that $a$ and $b$ intersect.

Among all orthogonal projections of a regular tetrahedron to all possible planes, find the projection of the greatest area.

Point $D$ lies on the side $AB$ of triangle $ABC$. The circle inscribed in angle $ADC$ touches internally the circumcircle of triangle $ACD$. Another circle inscribed in angle $BDC$ touches internally the circumcircle of triangle $BCD$. These two circles touch segment $CD$ in the same point $X$. Prove that the perpendicular from $X$ to $AB$ passes through the incenter of triangle $ABC$

A given tetrahedron $ ABCD$ is isoceles, that is, $ AB\equal{}CD$, $ AC\equal{}BD$, $ AD\equal{}BC$. Show that the faces of the tetrahedron are acute-angled triangles.

Given a parallelepiped $P$, let $V_P$ be its volume, $S_P$ the area of its surface and $L_P$ the sum of the lengths of its edges. For a real number $t \ge 0$, let $P_t$ be the solid consisting of all points $X$ whose distance from some point of $P$ is at most $t$. Prove that the volume of the solid $P_t$ is given by the formula $V(P_t) =V_P + S_Pt + \frac{\pi}{4} L_P t^2 + \frac{4\pi}{3} t^3$.

Given a convex quadrilateral $ KLMN $, in which $ \angle NKL = {{90} ^ {\circ}} $. Let $ P $ be the midpoint of the segment $ LM $. It turns out that $ \angle KNL = \angle MKP $. Prove that $ \angle KNM = \angle LKP $.

The parallelogram $ABCD$ has $AB=a,AD=1,$ $\angle BAD=A$, and the triangle $ABD$ has all angles acute. Prove that circles radius $1$ and center $A,B,C,D$ cover the parallelogram if and only \[a\le\cos A+\sqrt3\sin A.\]

For an arbitrary point $P$ on a given segment $AB$, two isosceles right triangles $APQ$ and $PBR$ with the right angles at $Q$ and $R$ are constructed on the same side of the line $AB$. Prove that the distance from the midpoint $M$ of $QR$ to the line $AB$ does not depend on the choice of $P$.

Points $A, B, C$ and $D$ are located on line $\ell$ so that $\frac{AB}{BC}=\frac{AC}{CD}=\lambda $. A certain circle is tangent to line $\ell$ at point $C$. A line is drawn through $A$ that intersects this circle at points $M$ and $N$ such that the bisector perpendiculars to segments $BM$ and $DN$ intersect at point $Q$ on line $\ell$ . In what ratio does point $Q$ divide segment $AD$?

Let $ABCD$ be a convex quadrilateral with $\angle ABC = \angle ADC < 90^{\circ}$. The internal angle bisectors of $\angle ABC$ and $\angle ADC$ meet $AC$ at $E$ and $F$ respectively, and meet each other at point $P$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of $AC$ and let $\omega$ be the circumcircle of triangle $BPD$. Segments $BM$ and $DM$ intersect $\omega$ again at $X$ and $Y$ respectively. Denote by $Q$ the intersection point of lines $XE$ and $YF$. Prove that $PQ \perp AC$.

A circle $ \Gamma$ is inscribed in a quadrilateral $ ABCD$. If $ \angle A\equal{}\angle B\equal{}120^{\circ}, \angle D\equal{}90^{\circ}$ and $ BC\equal{}1$, find, with proof, the length of $ AD$.

Let $B = (-1, 0)$ and $C = (1, 0)$ be fixed points on the coordinate plane. A nonempty, bounded subset $S$ of the plane is said to be [i]nice[/i] if $\text{(i)}$ there is a point $T$ in $S$ such that for every point $Q$ in $S$, the segment $TQ$ lies entirely in $S$; and $\text{(ii)}$ for any triangle $P_1P_2P_3$, there exists a unique point $A$ in $S$ and a permutation $\sigma$ of the indices $\{1, 2, 3\}$ for which triangles $ABC$ and $P_{\sigma(1)}P_{\sigma(2)}P_{\sigma(3)}$ are similar. Prove that there exist two distinct nice subsets $S$ and $S'$ of the set $\{(x, y) : x \geq 0, y \geq 0\}$ such that if $A \in S$ and $A' \in S'$ are the unique choices of points in $\text{(ii)}$, then the product $BA \cdot BA'$ is a constant independent of the triangle $P_1P_2P_3$.

Let $ AD$ be height of triangle $ \triangle ABC$ and $ R$ circumradius. Denote by $ E$ and $ F$ feet of perpendiculars from point $ D$ to sides $ AB$ and $ AC$. If $ AD\equal{}R\sqrt{2}$, prove that circumcenter of triangle $ \triangle ABC$ lies on line $ EF$.

Points $STABCD$ in space form a convex octahedron with faces $SAB,SBC,SCD,SDA,TAB,TBC,TCD,TDA$ such that there exists a sphere that is tangent to all of its edges. Prove that $A,B,C,D$ lie in one plane.

Let triangle $ABC$ with $AB<AC$ has orthocenter $H$, and let the midpoint of $BC$ be $M$. The internal angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ meet $CH$ at $X$, and the external angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ meet $BH$ at $Y$. The circles $(BHX)$ and $(CHY)$ meet again at $Z$. Prove that $\angle HZM=90^{\circ}$. [i]Proposed by Ivan Chan Kai Chin[/i]

Let $ABCD$ be a tetrahedron whose six side lengths are all integers, and let $N$ denote the sum of these side lengths. There exists a point $P$ inside $ABCD$ such that the feet from $P$ onto the faces of the tetrahedron are the orthocenter of $\triangle ABC$, centroid of $\triangle BCD$, circumcenter of $\triangle CDA$, and orthocenter of $\triangle DAB$. If $CD = 3$ and $N < 100{,}000$, determine the maximum possible value of $N$. [i]Proposed by Sammy Luo and Evan Chen[/i]