Consider a triangle $ABC$ with altitudes $AD, BE$, and $CF$, and orthocenter $H$. Let the perpendicular line from $H$ to $EF$ intersects $EF, AB$ and $AC$ at $P, T$ and $L$, respectively. Point $K$ lies on the side $BC$ such that $BD=KC$. Let $\omega$ be a circle that passes through $H$ and $P$, that is tangent to $AH$. Prove that circumcircle of triangle $ATL$ and $\omega$ are tangent, and $KH$ passes through the tangency point.

Vera has several identical matches, from which she makes a triangle. Vera wants any two sides of this triangle to differ in length by at least $10$ matches, but it turned out that it is impossible to add such a triangle from the available matches (it is impossible to leave extra matches). What is the maximum number of matches Vera can have?

A $ 1$ by $ 1$ square $ABCD$ is inscribed in the circle $m$. Circle $n$ has radius $1$ and is centered around $A$. Let $S$ be the set of points inside of $m$ but outside of $n$. What is the area of $S$?

Let $ABC$ be a right triangle with $\angle ACB = 90^o$ and M the center of $AB$. Let $G$ br any point on the line $MC$ and $P$ a point on the line $AG$, such that $\angle CPA = \angle BAC$ . Further let $Q$ be a point on the straight line $BG$, such that $\angle BQC = \angle CBA$ . Show that the circles of the triangles $AQG$ and $BPG$ intersect on the segment $AB$.

A rectangular piece of paper has top edge $AD$. A line $L$ from $A$ to the bottom edge makes an angle $x$ with the line $AD$. We want to trisect $x$. We take $B$ and $C$ on the vertical ege through $A$ such that $AB = BC$. We then fold the paper so that $C$ goes to a point $C'$ on the line $L$ and $A$ goes to a point $A'$ on the horizontal line through $B$. The fold takes $B$ to $B'$. Show that $AA'$ and $AB'$ are the required trisectors.

Given a triangle $ABC$, a point $P$ is chosen on side $BC$. Points $M$ and $N$ lie on sides $AB$ and $AC$, respectively, such that $MP \parallel AC$ and $NP \parallel AB$. Point $P$ is reflected across $MN$ to point $Q$. Show that triangle $QMB$ is similar to triangle $CNQ$. [i]Brian Hamrick.[/i]

Which triangles satisfy the equation $\frac{c^2-a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2-c^2}{a}=b-a$ when $a, b$ and $c$ are sides of a triangle?

Given a triangle $ABC$, $D$ is the reflection from the perpendicular foot from $A$ to $BC$ through the midpoint of $BC$. $E$ is the reflection from the perpendicular foot from $B$ to $CA$ through the midpoint of $CA$. $F$ is the reflection from the perpendicular foot from $C$ to $AB$ through the midpoint of $AB$. Prove: $DE \perp AC$ if and only if $DF \perp AB$

Let $ABC$ be a triangle inscribed in the circle $\mathcal{C}(O,R)$ and circumscribed to the circle $\mathcal{C}(L,r)$. Denote $d=\dfrac{Rr}{R+r}$. Show that there exists a triangle $DEF$ such that for any interior point $M$ in $ABC$ there exists a point $X$ on the sides of $DEF$ such that $MX\le d$. [i]Dan Brânzei[/i]

In a convex quadrilateral $ABCD$, diagonals $AC$ and $BD$ are equal. We construct four equilateral triangles with centers $O_1,O_2,O_3,O_4$ on the sides sides $AB, BC, CD, DA$ outside of this quadrilateral, respectively. Show that $O_1O_3 \perp O_2O_4$.

Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with sides and area equal to $a, b, c$ and $S$ respectively. [color=#FF0000]Prove or disprove[/color] that a necessary and sufficient condition for existence of a point $P$ inside the triangle $ABC$ such that the distance between $P$ and the vertices of $ABC$ be equal to $x, y$ and $z$ respectively is that there be a triangle with sides $a, y, z$ and area $S_1$, a triangle with sides $b, z, x$ and area $S_2$ and a triangle with sides $c, x, y$ and area $S_3$ where $S_1 + S_2 + S_3 = S.$

In a quadrilateral $ABCD$, $\angle ABC=\angle ADC <90^{\circ}$. The circle with diameter $AC$ intersects $BC$ and $CD$ again at $E,F$, respectively. $M$ is the midpoint of $BD$, and $AN \perp BD$ at $N$. Prove that $M,N,E,F$ is concyclic.

A decorative window is made up of a rectangle with semicircles at either end. The ratio of $AD$ to $AB$ is $3:2$. And $AB$ is 30 inches. What is the ratio of the area of the rectangle to the combined area of the semicircle. [asy] import graph; size(5cm); real lsf=0; pen dps=linewidth(0.7)+fontsize(8); defaultpen(dps); pen ds=black; real xmin=-4.27,xmax=14.73,ymin=-3.22,ymax=6.8; draw((0,4)--(0,0)); draw((0,0)--(2.5,0)); draw((2.5,0)--(2.5,4)); draw((2.5,4)--(0,4)); draw(shift((1.25,4))*xscale(1.25)*yscale(1.25)*arc((0,0),1,0,180)); draw(shift((1.25,0))*xscale(1.25)*yscale(1.25)*arc((0,0),1,-180,0)); dot((0,0),ds); label("$A$",(-0.26,-0.23),NE*lsf); dot((2.5,0),ds); label("$B$",(2.61,-0.26),NE*lsf); dot((0,4),ds); label("$D$",(-0.26,4.02),NE*lsf); dot((2.5,4),ds); label("$C$",(2.64,3.98),NE*lsf); clip((xmin,ymin)--(xmin,ymax)--(xmax,ymax)--(xmax,ymin)--cycle);[/asy] $ \textbf{(A)}\ 2:3 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 3:2\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 6:\pi \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 9: \pi \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 30 : \pi$

$P$ is an arbitrary point inside acute triangle $ABC$. Let $A_1,B_1,C_1$ be the reflections of point $P$ with respect to sides $BC,CA,AB$. Prove that the centroid of triangle $A_1B_1C_1$ lies inside triangle $ABC$.

Let $ABCD$ be a parallelogram with $AC=BC.$ A point $P$ is chosen on the extension of ray $AB$ past $B.$ The circumcircle of $ACD$ meets the segment $PD$ again at $Q.$ The circumcircle of triangle $APQ$ meets the segment $PC$ at $R.$ Prove that lines $CD,AQ,BR$ are concurrent.

Let $x$ be a complex number such that $x^{2011}=1$ and $x\neq 1$. Compute the sum \[\dfrac{x^2}{x-1}+\dfrac{x^4}{x^2-1}+\dfrac{x^6}{x^3-1}+\cdots+\dfrac{x^{4020}}{x^{2010}-1}.\]

Prove that an octagon, whose all angles are equal and all sides have rational length, has a center of symmetry.

[b]p1. [/b] At Duke, $1/2$ of the students like lacrosse, $3/4$ like football, and $7/8$ like basketball. Let $p$ be the proportion of students who like at least all three of these sports and let $q$ be the difference between the maximum and minimum possible values of $p$. If $q$ is written as $m/n$ in lowest terms, find the value of $m + n$. [b]p2.[/b] A [i]dukie [/i]word is a $10$-letter word, each letter is one of the four $D, U, K, E$ such that there are four consecutive letters in that word forming the letter $DUKE$ in this order. For example, $DUDKDUKEEK$ is a dukie word, but $DUEDKUKEDE$ is not. How many different dukie words can we construct in total? [b]p3.[/b] Rectangle $ABCD$ has sides $AB = 8$, $BC = 6$. $\vartriangle AEC$ is an isosceles right triangle with hypotenuse $AC$ and $E$ above $AC$. $\vartriangle BFD$ is an isosceles right triangle with hypotenuse $BD$ and $F$ below $BD$. Find the area of $BCFE$. [b]p4.[/b] Chris is playing with $6$ pumpkins. He decides to cut each pumpkin in half horizontally into a top half and a bottom half. He then pairs each top-half pumpkin with a bottom-half pumpkin, so that he ends up having six “recombinant pumpkins”. In how many ways can he pair them so that only one of the six top-half pumpkins is paired with its original bottom-half pumpkin? [b]p5.[/b] Matt comes to a pumpkin farm to pick $3$ pumpkins. He picks the pumpkins randomly from a total of $30$ pumpkins. Every pumpkin weighs an integer value between $7$ to $16$ (including $7$ and $16$) pounds, and there’re $3$ pumpkins for each integer weight between $7$ to $16$. Matt hopes the weight of the $3$ pumpkins he picks to form the length of the sides of a triangle. Let $m/n$ be the probability, in lowest terms, that Matt will get what he hopes for. Find the value of $m + n$ [b]p6.[/b] Let $a, b, c, d$ be distinct complex numbers such that $|a| = |b| = |c| = |d| = 3$ and $|a + b + c + d| = 8$. Find $|abc + abd + acd + bcd|$. [b]p7.[/b] A board contains the integers $1, 2, ..., 10$. Anna repeatedly erases two numbers $a$ and $b$ and replaces it with $a + b$, gaining $ab(a + b)$ lollipops in the process. She stops when there is only one number left in the board. Assuming Anna uses the best strategy to get the maximum number of lollipops, how many lollipops will she have? [b]p8.[/b] Ajay and Joey are playing a card game. Ajay has cards labelled $2, 4, 6, 8$, and $10$, and Joey has cards labelled $1, 3, 5, 7, 9$. Each of them takes a hand of $4$ random cards and picks one to play. If one of the cards is at least twice as big as the other, whoever played the smaller card wins. Otherwise, the larger card wins. Ajay and Joey have big brains, so they play perfectly. If $m/n$ is the probability, in lowest terms, that Joey wins, find $m + n$. [b]p9.[/b] Let $ABCDEFGHI$ be a regular nonagon with circumcircle $\omega$ and center $O$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of the shorter arc $AB$ of $\omega$, $P$ be the midpoint of $MO$, and $N$ be the midpoint of $BC$. Let lines $OC$ and $PN$ intersect at $Q$. Find the measure of $\angle NQC$ in degrees. [b]p10.[/b] In a $30 \times 30$ square table, every square contains either a kit-kat or an oreo. Let $T$ be the number of triples ($s_1, s_2, s_3$) of squares such that $s_1$ and $s_2$ are in the same row, and $s_2$ and $s_3$ are in the same column, with $s_1$ and $s_3$ containing kit-kats and $s_2$ containing an oreo. Find the maximum value of $T$. PS. You should use hide for answers. Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].

We say that a real number $V$ is [i]good[/i] if there exist two closed convex subsets $X$, $Y$ of the unit cube in $\mathbb{R}^3$, with volume $V$ each, such that for each of the three coordinate planes (that is, the planes spanned by any two of the three coordinate axes), the projections of $X$ and $Y$ onto that plane are disjoint. Find $\sup \{V\mid V\ \text{is good}\}$.

Consider the isosceles right triangle $ABC$ ($AB = AC$) and the points $M, P \in [AB]$ so that $AM = BP$. Let $D$ be the midpoint of the side $BC$ and $R, Q$ the intersections of the perpendicular from $A$ on$ CM$ with $CM$ and $BC$ respectively. Prove that a) $\angle AQC = \angle PQB$ b) $\angle DRQ = 45^o$

A right cone in $xyz$-space has its apex at $(0,0,0)$, and the endpoints of a diameter on its base are $(12,13,-9)$ and $(12,-5,15)$. The volume of the cone can be expressed as $a\pi$. What is $a$?

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with incenter $I$, and let $D$ be the foot of the angle bisector from $A$ to $BC$. Let $\Gamma$ be the circumcircle of triangle $BIC$, and let $PQ$ be a chord of $\Gamma$ passing through $D$. Prove that $AD$ bisects $\angle PAQ$.

$ABCD$ is a rectangle $\overline{AB} = 5\sqrt{3}$, $\overline{AD} = 30$. Extend $\overline{BC}$ past $C$ and construct point $P$ on this extension such that $\angle APD = 60^{\circ}$. Point $H$ is on $\overline{AP}$ such that $\overline{DH} \perp \overline{AP}$. Find the length of $\overline{DH}$. [i]Proposed by Kevin Wu[/i]

[u]Round 4[/u] [b]p10.[/b] How many divisors of $10^{11}$ have at least half as many divisors that $10^{11}$ has? [b]p11.[/b] Let $f(x, y) = \frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}$ and $g(x, y) = \frac{x}{y}-\frac{y}{x} $. Then, if $\underbrace{f(f(... f(f(}_{2021 fs} f(f(1, 2), g(2,1)), 2), 2)... , 2), 2)$ can be expressed in the form $a + \frac{b}{c}$, where $a$, $b$,$c$ are nonnegative integers such that $b < c$ and $gcd(b,c) = 1$, find $a + b + \lceil (\log_2 (\log_2 c)\rceil $ [b]p12.[/b] Let $ABC$ be an equilateral triangle, and let$ DEF$ be an equilateral triangle such that $D$, $E$, and $F$ lie on $AB$, $BC$, and $CA$, respectively. Suppose that $AD$ and $BD$ are positive integers, and that $\frac{[DEF]}{[ABC]}=\frac{97}{196}$. The circumcircle of triangle $DEF$ meets $AB$, $BC$, and $CA$ again at $G$, $H$, and $I$, respectively. Find the side length of an equilateral triangle that has the same area as the hexagon with vertices $D, E, F, G, H$, and $I$. [u]Round 5 [/u] [b]p13.[/b] Point $X$ is on line segment $AB$ such that $AX = \frac25$ and $XB = \frac52$. Circle $\Omega$ has diameter $AB$ and circle $\omega$ has diameter $XB$. A ray perpendicular to $AB$ begins at $X$ and intersects $\Omega$ at a point $Y$. Let $Z$ be a point on $\omega$ such that $\angle YZX = 90^o$. If the area of triangle $XYZ$ can be expressed as $\frac{a}{b}$ for positive integers $a, b$ with $gcd(a, b) = 1$, find $a + b$. [b]p14.[/b] Andrew, Ben, and Clayton are discussing four different songs; for each song, each person either likes or dislikes that song, and each person likes at least one song and dislikes at least one song. As it turns out, Andrew and Ben don't like any of the same songs, but Clayton likes at least one song that Andrew likes and at least one song that Ben likes! How many possible ways could this have happened? [b]p15.[/b] Let triangle $ABC$ with circumcircle $\Omega$ satisfy $AB = 39$, $BC = 40$, and $CA = 25$. Let $P$ be a point on arc $BC$ not containing $A$, and let $Q$ and $R$ be the reflections of $P$ in $AB$ and $AC$, respectively. Let $AQ$ and $AR$ meet $\Omega$ again at $S$ and $T$, respectively. Given that the reflection of $QR$ over $BC$ is tangent to $\Omega$ , $ST$ can be expressed as $\frac{a}{b}$ for positive integers $a, b$ with $gcd(a,b)= 1$. Find $a + b$. PS. You should use hide for answers. Rounds 1-3 have been posted [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4h3131401p28368159]here [/url] and 6-7 [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4h3131434p28368604]here [/url],Collected [url=https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2760506p24143309]here[/url].

Let $C$ and $D$ be different points on the semicircle with diameter $AB$. The lines $AC$ and $BD$ intersect at $E$, and the lines $AD$ and $BC$ intersect at $F$. Prove that the midpoints $X,Y,Z$ of the segments $AB,CD,EF$ respectively are collinear.