Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $BC = 5$, $CA = 3$, and $AB = 4$. Variable points $P, Q$ are on segments $AB$, $AC$, respectively such that the area of $APQ$ is half of the area of $ABC$. Let $x$ and $y$ be the lengths of perpendiculars drawn from the midpoint of $PQ$ to sides $AB$ and $AC$, respectively. Find the range of values of $2y + 3x$.

Let $ABCDE$ be a convex pentagon with $AB=14,$ $BC=7,$ $CD=24,$ $DE=13,$ $EA=26,$ and $\angle B=\angle E=60^{\circ}.$ For each point $X$ in the plane, define $f(X)=AX+BX+CX+DX+EX.$ The least possible value of $f(X)$ can be expressed as $m+n\sqrt{p},$ where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers and $p$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $m+n+p.$

$I$ is incenter of triangle $ABC$. Incircle of $ABC$ touches $AB,AC$ at $X,Y$. $XI$ intersects incircle at $M$. Let $CM\cap AB=X'$. $L$ is a point on the segment $X'C$ that $X'L=CM$. Prove that $A,L,I$ are collinear iff $AB=AC$.

Let $T_1, T_2, T_3, T_4$ be pairwise distinct collinear points such that $T_2$ lies between $T_1$ and $T_3$, and $T_3$ lies between $T_2$ and $T_4$. Let $\omega_1$ be a circle through $T_1$ and $T_4$; let $\omega_2$ be the circle through $T_2$ and internally tangent to $\omega_1$ at $T_1$; let $\omega_3$ be the circle through $T_3$ and externally tangent to $\omega_2$ at $T_2$; and let $\omega_4$ be the circle through $T_4$ and externally tangent to $\omega_3$ at $T_3$. A line crosses $\omega_1$ at $P$ and $W$, $\omega_2$ at $Q$ and $R$, $\omega_3$ at $S$ and $T$, and $\omega_4$ at $U$ and $V$, the order of these points along the line being $P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W$. Prove that $PQ + TU = RS + VW$ [i]Geza Kos, Hungary[/i]

Circles $w_1$ and $w_2$ with centers at points $O_1$ and $O_2$ respectively, intersect at points $A$ and $B$. A line passing through point $B$, intersects the circles $w_1$ and $w_2$ at points $C$ and $D$ other than $B$. Tangents to the circles $w_1$ and $w_2$ at points $C$ and $D$ intersect at point $E$. Line $EA$ intersects the circumscribed circle $w$ of triangle $AO_1O_2$ at point $F$. Prove that the length of the segment is $EF$ is equal to the diameter of the circle $w$. (Vovchenko V., Plotnikov M.)

Suppose $L$ is the circle inscribed in the square $T_1$, and $T_2$ is the square inscribed in $L$, so that vertices of $T_1$ lie on the straight lines containing the sides of $T_2$. Find the angles of the convex octagon whose vertices are at the tangency points of $L$ with the sides of $T_1$ and at the vertices of $T_2$. (S Markelov)

Let $O$ be the circumcenter of triangle ABC, $H$ be its orthocenter, and $M$ be the midpoint of $AB$. The line $MH$ meets the line passing through $O$ and parallel to $AB$ at point $K$ lying on the circumcircle of $ABC$. Let $P$ be the projection of $K$ onto $AC$. Prove that $PH \parallel BC$.

Three circles $\omega_1$, $\omega_2$, $\omega_3$ of radius $r$ pass through the point$ S$ and internally touch the circle $\omega$ of radius $R$ ($R > r$) at points $T_1$, $T_2$, $T_3$ respectively. Prove that the line $T_1T_2$ passes through the second (different from $S$) intersection point of the circles $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$.

Astrophysicists have discovered a minor planet of radius $30$ kilometers whose surface is completely covered in water. A spherical meteor hits this planet and is submerged in the water. This incidence causes an increase of $1$ centimeters to the height of the water on this planet. What is the radius of the meteor in meters?

Let $ABCD$ be a trapezium with $AB\parallel CD$. Let $P$ be a point on $AC$ such that $C$ is between $A$ and $P$; and let $X, Y$ be the midpoints of $AB, CD$ respectively. Let $PX$ intersect $BC$ in $N$ and $PY$ intersect $AD$ in $M$. Prove that $MN\parallel AB$.

Given that triangle $ABC$ has side lengths $a=7$, $b=8$ , $c=5$, find $$(\sin (A)+\sin (B)+\sin (C)) \cdot \left(\cot \frac{A}{2}+\cot \frac{B}{2}+\cot \frac{C}{2}\right).$$ .

[asy] real t=pi/12;real u=8*t; real cu=cos(u);real su=sin(u); draw(unitcircle); draw((cos(-t),sin(-t))--(cos(13*t),sin(13*t))); draw((cu,su)--(cu,-su)); label("A",(cos(13*t),sin(13*t)),W); label("B",(cos(-t),sin(-t)),E); label("C",(cu,su),N); label("D",(cu,-su),S); label("E",(cu,sin(-t)),NE); label("2",((cu-1)/2,sin(-t)),N); label("6",((cu+1)/2,sin(-t)),N); label("3",(cu,(sin(-t)-su)/2),E); //Credit to Zimbalono for the diagram[/asy] Chords $AB$ and $CD$ in the circle above intersect at $E$ and are perpendicular to each other. If segments $AE$, $EB$, and $ED$ have measures $2$, $3$, and $6$ respectively, then the length of the diameter of the circle is $\textbf{(A) }4\sqrt{5}\qquad\textbf{(B) }\sqrt{65}\qquad\textbf{(C) }2\sqrt{17}\qquad\textbf{(D) }3\sqrt{7}\qquad \textbf{(E) }6\sqrt{2}$

Let $ ABCDE$ be a convex pentagon such that \[ \angle BAC \equal{} \angle CAD \equal{} \angle DAE\qquad \text{and}\qquad \angle ABC \equal{} \angle ACD \equal{} \angle ADE. \]The diagonals $BD$ and $CE$ meet at $P$. Prove that the line $AP$ bisects the side $CD$. [i]Proposed by Zuming Feng, USA[/i]

Let $AD$ be the common chord of two equal-sized circles $O_1$ and $O_2$. Let $B$ and $C$ be points on $O_1$ and $O_2$, respectively, so that $D$ lies on the segment $BC$. Assume that $AB = 15, AD = 13$ and $BC = 18$, what is the ratio between the inradii of $\vartriangle ABD$ and $\vartriangle ACD$?

Let $ABC$ be a right triangle with $\angle A=90^o$ and $AB<AC$. Let $AH,AD,AM$ be altitude, angle bisector and median respectively. Prove that $\frac{BD}{CD}<\frac{HD}{MD}.$

Tow circumferences of radius $R_1$ and $R_2$ are tangent externally between each other. Besides that, they are both tangent to a semicircle with radius of 1, as shown in the figure. (Diagram is in the attachment) a) If $A_1$ and $A_2$ are the tangency points of the two circumferences with the diameter of the semicircle, find the length of $\overline{A_1 A_2}$. b) Prove that $R_{1}+R_{2}=2\sqrt{R_{1}R_{2}}(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{R_{1}R_{2}})$.

Let $a, b$ be two lines intersecting each other at $O$. Point $M$ is not on either $a$ or $b$. A variable circle $(C)$ passes through $O,M$ intersecting $a, b$ at $A,B$ respectively, distinct from $O$. Prove that the midpoint of $AB$ is on a fixed line. Hạ Vũ Anh

Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle. Points $X$ and $Y$ lie on the segments $AB$ and $AC$, respectively, such that $AX=AY$ and the segment $XY$ passes through the orthocenter of the triangle $ABC$. Lines tangent to the circumcircle of the triangle $AXY$ at points $X$ and $Y$ intersect at point $P$. Prove that points $A, B, C, P$ are concyclic.

Find the locus of points in the plane, the sum of whose distances from the sides of a regular polygon is five times the inradius of the pentagon.

Prove that if the lengths of the sides of a triangle form an arithmetic progression, then the radius of the inscribed circle is one third of one of the heights of the triangle.

Inside square $ABCD$ consider a point $M$. Prove that the points of intersection of the medians of triangles $ABM, BCM, CDM$ and $DAM$ form a square. (V Prasolov)

Consider a $1$ by $2$ by $3$ rectangular prism. Find the length of the shortest path between opposite corners $A$ and $B$ that does not leave the surface of the prism. [img]https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/7/1/899b79b0f938e63fe7b093cecff63ed1255acb.png[/img]

Points $A_1,A_2,A_3,...,A_{12}$ are the vertices of a regular polygon in that order. The 12 diagonals $A_1A_6,A_2A_7,A_3A_8,...,A_{11}A_4,A_{12}A_5$ are marked, as in the picture below. Let $X$ be some point in the plane. From $X$, we draw perpendicular lines to all 12 marked diagonals. Let $B_1,B_2,B_3,...,B_{12}$ be the feet of the perpendiculars, so that $B_1$ lies on $A_1A_6$, $B_2$ lies on $A_2A_7$ and so on. Evaluate the ratio $\frac{XA_1+XA_2+\dots+XA_{12}}{B_1B_6+B_2B_7+\dots+B_{12}B_5}$. [img]https://i.imgur.com/DUuwFth.png[/img]

Let $ABC$ be an acute, non-isosceles triangle inscribed in (O) and $BB'$, $CC'$ are altitudes. Denote $E, F$ as the intersections of $BB'$, $CC'$ with $(O)$ and $D, P, Q$ are projections of $A$ on $BC$, $CE$, $BF$. Prove that the perpendicular bisectors of $PQ$ bisects two segments $AO$, $BC$.

Three acute triangles are inscribed in the same circle with their vertices being nine distinct points. Show that one can choose a vertex from each triangle so that the three chosen points determine a triangle each of whose angles is at most $90^\circ$.